Oral Quality of Life in Adolescents Measured with the Cpq11-14 Questionnaire: a Systematic Review

Abstract

Background: Oral health related quality of life (OHRQOL) refers to, how the individual´s oral health impacts their quality of life in different dimensions like daily functioning, emotional wellbeing, social interaction, and overall life satisfaction. The Child perception Questionnaire (CPQ) has been widely used to measure OHRQOL in adolescents and has been validated in multiple contexts showing adequate psychometric properties. The aim was to identify cross-sectional studies carried out in the past 10 years on oral health related quality of life using the CPQ11-14 questionnaire in adolescents 11-14 years old and to perform a qualitative synthesis and assessment. Material and Methods: A literature search was carried out in the PubMed, Scopus, Lilacs, and Web of Science databases, with the search words “children”, “adolescents”, “scholar”, “CPQ11-14 questionnaire” and “oral quality of life”. The selection process followed the PRISMA statements and RoB was assessed with the AXIS tool. Results: Seven studies were included in the systematic review with an average low CPQ 11-14 score (22.23); the domain “Social well-being” was the most affected (score=7.02). The quality of the studies was mostly medium and low with a risk of bias higher than expected. Malocclusion showed a strong negative impact on OHRQOL, so does asthma while previous caries experience did not. The influence of age, gender and social classes was not conclusive. Global satisfaction with oral health showed a positive correlation with OHRQOL. Conclusion: The average CPQ11- 14 score (22.23) reflects a low impact of oral health on quality of life in adolescents. Malocclusion was the only oral pathology showing a significant impact on OHRQOL, as well as dental fluorosis of moderate degree. Other factors’ influence was not conclusive. The high impact on “Social well-being” reveals the prominent role of oral health on interpersonal relations at this age. Knowledge of these factors will improve oral health care in adolescents.