Biocompatibility of endodontic sealers

Abstract

Introduction: The biocompatibility of endodontic sealers is one of the important factors to insure the favorable prognostic of a root canal treatment. The aim of this literature review was to study the biocompatibility of commercialized epoxy resin sealers and the more recent calcium-silicate-based sealers in terms of the analysis of their influence on the inflammatory response and the osteogenic potential they have on the periodontal tissues. Objectives: The first objective was to analyze the inflammatory response of the calcium silicate-based sealers compared with epoxy resin sealers. The second objective was to analyze the osteogenic potential of the calcium silicate-based sealers compared with epoxy resin sealers. Methodology: Two databases with scientific relevance were used (PubMed via MEDLINE and Web Of Science). After the screening,9 articles were selected to answer the first objective,and 7 articles were selected for the second objective. The chosen articles corresponded to the eligibility criteria previously determined. Results: Regarding the inflammatory response of the tissues,most articles related a higher initial inflammatory response when using epoxy resin and a lower inflammatory response for the calcium-silicate-based sealers. Regarding the osteogenic potential,the epoxy resin sealers have exhibited a negative osteogenic potential while most articles encountered a positive one for the calcium-silicate-based sealers. Conclusion: This review showed a difference regarding some features of the biocompatibility of the periodontal ligament depending on the sealers used. When focusing on the inflammatory response and the osteogenic potential,there is a difference between the epoxy resin sealers and the calcium silicate-based sealers. However,the limit of this review was the in-vitro study of the behavior of the different sealers and not the study of their clinical behavior