Study of Pathologies Associated with Bacteria Present in Periodontal Disease

Abstract

The main purpose of this work is to investigate studies relating periodontal bacteria to systemic diseases, identifying periodontal disease as a risk factor to systemic diseases along with reviewing the effects of preventive measures and periodontal treatment on the progression of their pathogenesis. Methodology: A systematic review was performed, using a total of 49 articles and two books in the English language through different search engines such as MedLine and PubMed, including various types of studies and general information about periodontal disease and systemic diseases. Results:Several evidential studies supporting the thesis of the association of periodontal pathogens and systemic diseases. The most common diseases being identified are Cardiovascular Disease, Respiratory Diseases, Diabetes Mellitus, and Alzheimer’s Disease. Discussion:Overall, a potential link between periodontal pathogens and systematic diseases was demonstrated, but further studies are required to prove the true relationship between them, especially in regards of Alzheimer’s. More studies have to investigate a wider variety of periodontal bacteria as well as focusing more on whether non-surgical or surgical periodontal treatment may decrease the risk of developing systemic diseases. Conclusion: The most common diseases related to periodontal bacteria are identified and show a positive correlation. Dentists and medical professionals have to be aware of the impact periodontal bacteria have on general health to develop better prevention and treatment plans.