Dental problems associated to chronic energy drinks consumption

Abstract

Introduction : Chronic consumption of energy drinks can lead to disastrous dental problems that are unknown to most consumers. A better understanding of their components and their effects on teeth would help to avoid damaging them; Objectives: To assess the different harmful effects that chronic consumption of energy drinks can have on teeth and to explain by what mechanism these drinks can produce them. In addition,to identify the main consumers,their reason for consumption and to promote the prevention of excessive consumption in the young population; Material and Method: A systematic review was carried out based on a digital bibliographic search of the databases PubMed,Dentistry and Oral Science Source and Cochrane. The study covered the period from 2001 to 2023. Publications in English,French,Spanish and Portuguese were investigated. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were established; Results: 1,974 articles were identified and 695 duplicates were eliminated. 1,045 were excluded by assessment of titles and abstracts and only 14 full-text articles met the inclusion criteria; Conclusions: The data suggest that chronic consumption of energy drinks leads to dental problems such as erosion,nocturnal bruxism and caries. The extent of the effects varies greatly by brand,as ingredients and concentrations differ. The main consumers are adolescents and young adults who lack information about adverse effects. Awareness raising is essential for prevention. Advertising regulation,such as warning labels on bottles and cans,could be an effective solution to reduce consumption