PRP in periodontics

Abstract

Introduction: In recent years, the search for less invasive and biologically driven treatments has transformed periodontics. Platelet-rich derivatives have emerged being capable of leveraging the body's natural regeneration capacity. Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP), Platelet-Rich Fibrin (PRF), and Concentrated Growth Factors (CGF) are autologous blood products high in growth factors that promote healing, angiogenesis, and new tissue creation. Objective: This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of PRP in periodontal regeneration and compare its performance with PRF and CGF, analyzing their clinical efficacy in managing intrabony defects. Material and Methods: A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. Databases including Medline, Scopus, Cochrane, and Dentistry & Oral Sciences Source were searched using relevant MeSH terms. Selection included randomized controlled trials and clinical studies involving PRP, PRF, and CGF in periodontal therapy. Clinical parameters such as clinical attachment level (CAL), probing depth (PD), and bone regeneration were evaluated. Results: The study found that using PRP in conjunction with regenerative treatments improved CAL and PD results. However, PRF and CGF produced better long-term results due to sustained growth factor release and scaffold stability. The efficacy of these platelet concentrates was determined by defect morphology, application procedures, and individual patient characteristics. Conclusion: While PRP promotes periodontal regeneration, PRF and CGF tend to provide better and more consistent long-term effects. However, present evidence is limited due to methodological diversity. As a result, more study is needed to provide definite therapeutic guidelines, optimize application methodologies, and identify the most effective derivative for certain clinical settings