Study of Available Techniques for Bone Atrophy in the Anterior Sector

Abstract

The regeneration of intraoral bone defects has always been a challenge for surgical dentists and With regard to the materials that can be used, it has been shown that the autograft of bone of oral origin associated with the use of collagen membranes is still the primary choice. In the case of larger volumetric defects, or shortage of intra-angular bone tissue, we have seen how surgeons can resort to extra-oral bone harvesting and bone tissue of non-autologous origin, such as xenograft. maxillofacial surgeons. We have seen how bone defects in the anterior sector, be they horizontal, vertical or combined, can generate even serious functional and aesthetic alterations in our patients. The aim of our study was therefore to identify the most suitable surgical techniques and biomaterials that can be used in tissue regeneration in the aesthetic sector of the anterior maxilla and mandible. Therefore, our bibliographic research focused on an in-depth analysis of the databases of the last 10 years. The search was carried out using search engines such as Medline Complite and Wiley Library. A total of 57 articles were examined, and the results showed that, regardless of the type of surgery used and the biomaterial used by the surgeon, regeneration of these bone defects today offers highly satisfactory results with a low risk of complications. It has been shown that surgeons often have to use multimodal approaches to treat highly complex bone defects in terms of extent or multiple locations in order to better meet the aesthetic and functional requirements of the patient.